Learning to be Gentle

We have been focusing a lot with Madelyn on the concept of "gentle," particularly as she has become more and more mobile.  It is a very difficult concept for her, which I understand, but I don't think my current techniques are effective.

She definitely isn't malicious in her intent, but she grabs noses, hair, ears, etc.  The biggest concern we have is with other kids, since we can remind her to be gentle with adults and for the most part can fend for ourselves.  For instance, today she was playing with another kid around her age and after hugging him she pushed him down.


The second biggest concern we have is that she be gentle with animals, and in particular with our dog.  Aubrey is a 7.5 pound long haired miniature dachshund and while she is definitely capable of running and hiding from Madelyn, we also want them to be friends.  However, recently she has become very aggressive with Aubrey - pulling her hair, grabbing at her, poking her face.  Asking Madelyn to be gentle does not seem to phase her anymore.  Aubrey, although often keeping at least a few feet of distance between herself and Madelyn, also wants to be near "her baby."

So, I am looking for ideas.  If anyone has any good ideas on teaching a 16 month old to be gentle, please let me know!